PERIODONTAL DISEASE

Periodontal Disease

 
Periodontal diseases are infections of the gums that gradually destroy the support of your natural teeth. Dental plaque is the primary cause of gum disease in genetically-susceptible individuals. Bacteria found in plaque produce toxins or poisons that irritate the gums. They may cause them to turn red, swell, and bleed easily. If this irritation is prolonged, the gums separate from the teeth causing pockets (spaces) to form. Plaque can also harden into a rough, porous substance known as calculus (or tartar). This can occur both above and below the gum line, inside the pockets.  As periodontal diseases progress, the supporting gum tissue and bone that holds teeth in place deteriorate. If left untreated, this leads to tooth loss. However, don't be fooled. With periodontal disease, bleeding, redness and swelling do not have to be present. Further, pain is usually not associated with periodontal disease. This disease damages the teeth, gum and jawbone of more than 80% of Americans by age 45. 
 
Although bacteria found in plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease, there are several other contributing factors.  Smoking decreases the amount of oxygen that gets delivered to your gums which makes it easier for bacteria to grow.  In many cases smoking may mask some of the symptoms of periodontal disease.  There are viral and fungal infections that can cause periodontal disease as well.  Many medications cause gingival enlargement and can make it difficult to keep your mouth clean, also increasing the risk for periodontal disease. 
 
A healthy periodontium is an important to your overall health as well.  There are several systemic diseases that have been associated with periodontal disease.  People who have diabetes often suffer from an increased susceptibility to periodontitis.  Studies show that babies often have lower birth weights as a result of the mother having periodontal disease.  Other recent studies have shown several links between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease.
 
If you have more questions about periodontal disease please don't hesitate to contact our office (530) 241-3302.